精编优选练(六) “语法填空＋短文改错”组合练6(限时：30分钟) [题组一] Ⅰ.语法填空 The saying “last man standing” refers to a(n) 1.____________ (compete), contest, or other situation where the field of participants is narrowed until only a single individual remains. Occasionally, the term may be used to describe a winning couple or team rather 2.____________ an individual. The exact origins of the term are 3.____________ (certain). Some believe the term 4.____________ (original) applied to the last boxer to remain during a match. Others claim the term came from oldfashioned spelling bees, where participants either gave up 5.____________ were judged “out” and asked to sit. Perhaps the most wide use of the term is in connection with a tontine (联合养老制), an agreement in 6.____________ a number of persons collectively own something of value, often land. Interest in a tontine cannot 7.____________ (pass) to another party, so the last man standing, in this case the last person alive gets the entire interest. Throughout history, tontines have been dangerous investments (投资)． Today, the term is used in a number of 8.____________ (situation). It may refer to the winner in any 9.____________ (give) contest. It may even refer to the last person 10.____________ (continue) his attempt to achieve a goal after the others have given up. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“last man standing”这个习语的意义、起源及用法。
1．解析：考查名词。设空处作短语动词refers to的宾语，且前面有冠词限定，故填competition。
答案：competition 2．解析：考查固定搭配。rather than意为“而非，而不是”，故填than。
答案：than 3．解析：考查形容词作表语的用法。由下文可知，这个表达确切的起源时间是不确定的，故填uncertain。
答案：uncertain 4．解析：考查副词。设空处修饰短语动词applied to，故填originally。
答案：originally 5．解析：考查连词。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”。
答案：or 6．解析：考查关系代词。in与设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词agreement，故填which。
答案：which 7．解析：考查被动语态。pass和Interest in a tontine之间是动宾关系，且设空前有cannot，故填be passed。
答案：be passed 8．解析：考查名词复数。由a number of可知，此处应用名词复数形式，故填situations。
答案：situations 9．解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。given在此意为“特定的”。
答案：given 10．解析：考查动词不定式作定语的用法。设空处作the last person的后置定语，故填to continue。
答案：to continue Ⅱ.短文改错 David， Sorry to learn that you＇ve put on weight. Eat too much junk food in McDonald＇s and KFC must be the reason，I guess. You have to realize that food is not always as health as what was said in the advertisements. If you know more about them, we will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt. They can make you to gain weight and become sick. What you ought to have every day are cereal, noodles, rice，fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food. Energygiving food, bodybuilding food and protective food makes up a balance diet. In word, you must have an idea of how a healthy diet should be and stick to it. I hope my advices can help you improve your health. Yours， Li Hua 答案：
David， Sorry to learn that you＇ve put on weight. too much junk food in McDonald＇s and KFC must be the reason，I guess. You have to realize that food is not always as as what said in the advertisements. If you know more about them, will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt. They can make you gain weight and become sick. What you ought to have every day are cereal, noodles, rice，fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food. Energygiving food, bodybuilding food and protective food up a diet. In word, you must have an idea of a healthy diet should be and stick to it. I hope my can help you improve your health. Yours， Li Hua [题组二] Ⅰ.语法填空 I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tournament held in Shanghai. But instead of focusing on my 1.____________ (fail), I stopped to reflect on my experiences in the past few years 2.____________ a debater. In general, preparing for new debate topics usually 3.____________(include) brainstorming arguments, researching a resolution (解决), and doing debate practice. So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after school, or even all day at weekends, discussing arguments and researching evidence. You might also notice us arguing 4.____________ (fierce) anywhere we can. Not only are they supportive, but my debate friends also have similar passions and interests to mine. As we discuss debate topics, my fellow debaters and I can talk about anything, from 5.____________ best way of rehabilitating (改造) criminals to the negative points of free immigration policies. However, our discussions are more than just a way 6.____________ (practice) our debating skills. In my mind, they help us to become calm and consider 7.____________ (win)and solving real problems as well. To me, the debating community is a great place 8.____________people help each other not only because they＇re interested in a higher cause, but because they care about how people from different 9.____________(background)can lead better lives. I＇m grateful to each of my debate friends and every single minute we got to spend together. Indeed, my high school life would be incomplete without them. So even though I 10.____________ (defeat) in my last debate, I＇m still thankful for being part of my wonderful debate family. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了，但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩手的经历，作者依然觉得受益匪浅。
1．解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式failure。
答案：failure 2．解析：考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。
答案：as 3．解析：考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for new debate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
答案：includes 4．解析：考查词性转换。你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰arguing，应用副词。
答案：fiercely 5．解析：考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填the。
答案：the 6．解析：考查非谓语动词。然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。此处to do形式作定语。
答案：to practice 7．解析：考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider“考虑”后跟动词ing形式作宾语。
答案：winning 8．解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place，故用where。
答案：where 9．解析：考查名词单复数。而且因为他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。background作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有different修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。
答案：backgrounds 10．解析：考查动词的时态和语态。因此，尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了，但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员。根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
答案：was defeated Ⅱ.短文改错 In my spare time，I often read some books written by famous writers in or abroad. I ever read China＇s Four Great Classical novel such as Journey to the West. Beside，I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing from I was nine years old. I am remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming writer. They laughed out happy when they read the short story I write about robots. They think that my story is well worth read and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve their dream. 答案：
In my spare time，I often read some books written by famous writers in abroad. I ever read China＇s Four Great Classical such as Journey to the West. ，I enjoy reading Tang poetry. I have been writing I was nine years old. I remember the first time my parents and I talked about my dream of becoming writer. They laughed out when they read the short story I about robots. They think that my story is well worth and that I am good at writing. I believe I will achieve dream.
